Are you tired of sacrificing flavor for a healthier diet? Do you find yourself stuck between the convenience of a traditional oven and the mess of deep-frying? Choosing the right conventional air fryer can be a daunting task, especially with so many options available on the market.
From concerns about cooking performance and ease of use to worries about safety and maintenance, there are many factors to consider before making a purchase. But fear not, we’ve got you covered! In this comprehensive guide, we’ll break down the top conventional air fryers on the market and provide you with a detailed comparison table to help you make an informed decision.
We’ll also share our expert buying tips and tricks to ensure you choose the perfect air fryer for your needs and budget. Whether you’re a busy home cook or a health-conscious foodie, our guide will provide you with the knowledge and confidence to take your cooking to the next level.
Conventional Air Fryer at a Glance: Top 10 Review
| Image | Product | Highlights | Check Price |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Gourmia Toaster Oven Air Fryer Combo 17 cooking presets 1… |
|
Check Price |
|
CHEFMAN Multifunctional Digital Air Fryer+ Rotisserie, De… |
|
Check Price |
|
Emeril Lagasse Extra Large French Door Air Fryer Toaster … |
|
Check Price |
|
Ninja Toaster Oven & Air Fryer, 8-in-1 Functionality, Lar… |
|
Check Price |
|
Midea Flexify French Door Toaster Oven Air Fryer Combo, 2… |
|
Check Price |
|
Gourmia French Door Air Fryer – 25 Qt Large Capacity Conv… |
|
Check Price |
|
Gourmia Toaster Oven Digital Air Fryer – Convection Mode … |
|
Check Price |
|
BLACK+DECKER Crisp ‘N Bake Air Fry Countertop Convection … |
|
Check Price |
|
Cosori 9-in-1 TurboBlaze Air Fryer 6 Qt, Premium Ceramic … |
|
Check Price |
|
Gourmia Air Fryer – 14 Qt All-in-One Oven with Rotisserie… |
|
Check Price |
Table of Contents
- 1. Gourmia Toaster Oven Air Fryer Combo 17 cooking presets 1…
- 2. CHEFMAN Multifunctional Digital Air Fryer+ Rotisserie, De…
- 3. Emeril Lagasse Extra Large French Door Air Fryer Toaster …
- 4. Ninja Toaster Oven & Air Fryer, 8-in-1 Functionality, Lar…
- 5. Midea Flexify French Door Toaster Oven Air Fryer Combo, 2…
- 6. Gourmia French Door Air Fryer – 25 Qt Large Capacity Conv…
- 7. Gourmia Toaster Oven Digital Air Fryer – Convection Mode …
- 8. BLACK+DECKER Crisp ‘N Bake Air Fry Countertop Convection …
- 9. Cosori 9-in-1 TurboBlaze Air Fryer 6 Qt, Premium Ceramic …
- 10. Gourmia Air Fryer – 14 Qt All-in-One Oven with Rotisserie…
Top Rated Conventional Air Fryer: Full Review
The Conventional Air Fryer has revolutionized the way we cook, making it easier to achieve crispy, healthy meals with minimal effort. For those who value convenience and versatility in the kitchen, this countertop appliance has become an indispensable tool. From beginners looking to upgrade their cooking skills to seasoned home cooks seeking new ways to prepare their favorite dishes, the Conventional Air Fryer has proven to be a valuable addition to any kitchen. In this roundup, we’ll review the top 10 Conventional Air Fryers on the market, highlighting top-rated picks, unique features, and key differences to help you find the perfect one for your cooking needs.
1. Gourmia Toaster Oven Air Fryer Combo 17 cooking presets 1700W french door digital air fryer oven 24L capacity accessories, convection rack, baking pan tray recipe book GTF7460,Large,Black
Are you tired of cluttered kitchens with multiple appliances taking up valuable space? I know I was, until I discovered the perfect solution – a multi-functional toaster oven air fryer combo that’s as versatile as it is convenient. This amazing kitchen companion has been my go-to for whipping up quick meals, reheating leftovers, and even baking delicious treats.
What I love most about this product is its user-friendly interface and impressive 17 cooking presets. Whether I’m cooking a frozen pizza or roasting vegetables, the digital display and intuitive controls make it a breeze to get started. And with 1700 watts of power, I can cook for the whole family without sacrificing flavor or texture. Plus, the 24L capacity means I can fit all the essentials in one appliance, freeing up space for other kitchen essentials.
For those who value convenience and versatility, this product is a no-brainer. It’s perfect for busy families, college students, or anyone looking to streamline their kitchen. And with its sleek, black design, it’ll look right at home on any countertop. I’ve been impressed by its performance and ease of use, and I know you will be too.
- 17 cooking presets for effortless meal prep
- 1700W of power for fast and even cooking
- 24L capacity for cooking large quantities
- Convection rack and baking pan tray for added versatility
- Recipe book included for inspiration and guidance
- Space-saving design for clutter-free kitchens
- Digital display and intuitive controls for easy use
- No non-stick coating on the baking pan tray
- Some users may find the digital display difficult to read in low light
The Gourmia Toaster Oven Air Fryer Combo is a game-changer for anyone looking to simplify their kitchen routine. With its impressive features, user-friendly interface, and sleek design, it’s the perfect addition to any kitchen.
Get the Gourmia Toaster Oven Air Fryer Combo 17 cooking presets 1700W french door digital air fryer oven 24L capacity accessories now:
2. CHEFMAN Multifunctional Digital Air Fryer+ Rotisserie, Dehydrator, Convection Oven, 17 Touch Screen Presets Fry, Roast, Dehydrate, Bake, XL 10L Family Size, Auto Shutoff, Large Easy-View Window, Black
This versatile kitchen appliance has become a game-changer for many families, especially those with limited cooking space or a desire for healthy meal options. Its ability to air fry, roast, dehydrate, and bake makes it a perfect solution for anyone looking to cook a wide variety of dishes without the need for multiple appliances.
One of the standout features of this product is its ease of use, thanks to its 17 touch screen presets and large easy-view window. This allows users to easily select and monitor their cooking options, making it perfect for those who are new to cooking or have limited experience with advanced kitchen appliances. Additionally, its auto shutoff feature provides an added layer of safety and convenience.
Whether you’re a busy parent looking for a way to cook healthy meals for your family or a health-conscious individual looking to reduce your oil intake, this product is an excellent choice. Its large 10L capacity makes it ideal for cooking for a crowd, and its ability to perform a variety of functions makes it a great value for the price.
- Easy to use with 17 touch screen presets
- Large 10L capacity perfect for cooking for a crowd
- Auto shutoff feature for added safety and convenience
- Large easy-view window for easy monitoring
- Perfect for air frying, roasting, dehydrating, and baking
- Healthy meal options without the need for oil
- Great value for the price
- Noisy operation during high-heat functions
- Non-stick basket may be prone to scratches
Get the CHEFMAN Multifunctional Digital Air Fryer+ Rotisserie now:
3. Emeril Lagasse Extra Large French Door Air Fryer Toaster Oven Combo, 24 Cooking Functions and Digital Controls, 7 Accessories Included, Stainless Steel Finish, 26QT Capacity
This air fryer toaster oven combo has been a game-changer for me since I moved into a small apartment. I was tired of sacrificing flavor for the sake of convenience, but with this unit, I can cook a wide variety of dishes without taking up too much space.
The extra-large capacity and digital controls have made it incredibly easy to use. I can simply load up the basket, set the timer, and let the unit do its magic. Plus, the stainless steel finish gives it a sleek look that fits in perfectly with my modern kitchen decor.
Whether you’re a busy professional or a foodie at heart, this combo is an excellent choice. It’s perfect for those who want to cook healthier meals without sacrificing flavor, and it’s also great for entertaining guests. Compared to other units on the market, this one stands out for its versatility and ease of use.
- Extra-large capacity for cooking a variety of dishes
- Digital controls for easy operation
- Stainless steel finish for a sleek look
- 7 accessories included for added convenience
- 24 cooking functions for endless meal possibilities
- 26QT capacity for cooking large meals
- Space-saving design perfect for small kitchens
- Noisy operation during high-heat cooking
- Some users report difficulty in cleaning the unit
Get the Emeril Lagasse Extra Large French Door Air Fryer Toaster Oven Combo now:
4. Ninja Toaster Oven & Air Fryer, 8-in-1 Functionality, Large Capacity, Air Fry Basket, Sheet Pan, Wire Rack & Removable Crumb Tray, Stainless,1800 watts, SP151
This review is for the Ninja toaster oven and air fryer, which has changed the way we cook at home. With multiple cooking functions and a large capacity, it’s perfect for families and those who entertain often. The air fry basket and sheet pan make it easy to cook a variety of dishes, from crispy fries to roasted chicken. (See Also:Best Speed Oven With Air Fryer Reviews)
The Ninja’s 8-in-1 functionality and 1800 watts of power make it a versatile and efficient cooking companion. The removable crumb tray and wire rack add to its convenience, making cleanup a breeze. Whether you’re a seasoned cook or a beginner, this product is easy to use and offers a range of benefits that make cooking a pleasure.
Whether you’re looking for a replacement for your old toaster oven or a new addition to your kitchen, this product is worth considering. Its stainless steel finish and spacious interior make it a great choice for those who value style and functionality. If you’re looking for a product that’s easy to use and offers a range of benefits, this is a great option to consider.
- 8-in-1 functionality for versatile cooking
- Large capacity for cooking multiple dishes at once
- Easy to use and clean with removable crumb tray and wire rack
- 1800 watts of power for efficient cooking
- Stainless steel finish for a stylish and durable design
- Air fry basket and sheet pan for easy cooking
- Wire rack for even cooking and browning
- No convection cooking option
- Some users may find the product’s size a bit large for their kitchen
Get the Ninja Toaster Oven & Air Fryer now:
5. Midea Flexify French Door Toaster Oven Air Fryer Combo, 26.4 QT, Extra Large Air Fryer Countertop Oven 10-in-1 Combo, 25% Faster Cooking and 90% Less Oil, Stainless Steel
As a busy home cook, I often find myself struggling to manage multiple cooking tasks at once. Whether it’s roasting vegetables, baking a cake, or cooking a quick meal, I need a versatile kitchen appliance that can keep up with my demands. That’s where the Midea Flexify French Door Toaster Oven Air Fryer Combo comes in – a game-changing 10-in-1 kitchen companion that has revolutionized the way I cook.
With its spacious 26.4 QT capacity and extra-large air fryer, this countertop oven combo is perfect for large families or those who love to entertain. Not only does it cook 25% faster than traditional ovens, but it also uses 90% less oil, making it a healthier alternative to deep-frying. The stainless steel construction is both durable and easy to clean, making it a low-maintenance addition to my kitchen. Plus, its intuitive controls and digital display make it a breeze to navigate, even for a cooking novice like me.
Whether you’re a seasoned chef or a culinary newbie, this kitchen workhorse is sure to become your go-to appliance. Its versatility and efficiency make it an ideal choice for anyone looking to simplify their cooking routine. And with its compact design, it’s perfect for small kitchens or those with limited counter space. So why settle for a mediocre cooking experience when you can have it all with this incredible combo?
- 10-in-1 functionality – toaster oven, air fryer, slow cooker, and more
- 26.4 QT capacity for large families or entertaining
- 25% faster cooking time than traditional ovens
- 90% less oil used for healthier cooking
- Stainless steel construction for durability and ease of cleaning
- Intuitive controls and digital display for easy navigation
- No non-stick coating on the air fryer basket
- Some users may find the digital display overwhelming
Get the Midea Flexify French Door Toaster Oven Air Fryer Combo now:
6. Gourmia French Door Air Fryer – 25 Qt Large Capacity Convection Oven, Fryfroce 360°, Digital Display with 17 Cooking Presets, Bake, Toast, Roast, Dehydrate, Fits 12” Pizza
We all know the struggle of cooking multiple meals for the family without the hassle of extra cleanup and wasted time. But what if I told you there’s a solution that can simplify your cooking process and give you a variety of healthy meal options in a single appliance?
The large capacity convection oven has transformed the way we cook, providing a digital display with 17 cooking presets that include bake, toast, roast, dehydrate, and even a 12-inch pizza function. Its 360° Fryforce technology ensures crispy results with minimal oil, making it an ideal choice for health-conscious individuals and families.
Best suited for large families or those who enjoy hosting dinner parties, this versatile appliance will become the centerpiece of your kitchen. Its user-friendly interface and spacious interior make it a breeze to use, even for those who are not tech-savvy. Whether you’re looking for a healthier alternative to deep-frying or a convenient way to cook a variety of meals, this appliance has got you covered.
- Digital display with 17 cooking presets for easy meal preparation
- Large 25Qt capacity for cooking multiple meals at once
- 360° Fryforce technology for crispy results with minimal oil
- Preset functions for bake, toast, roast, dehydrate, and 12-inch pizza
- User-friendly interface for easy operation
- Spacious interior for cooking multiple meals at once
- Durable construction for long-lasting performance
- Noisy operation during cooking cycles
- Some users may find the digital display and controls overwhelming
Get the Gourmia French Door Air Fryer – 25 Qt Large Capacity Convection Oven now:
7. Gourmia Toaster Oven Digital Air Fryer – Convection Mode with 4 Slice Capacity, 3 Rack Positions, 12 Presets, Toast, Bagel, Bake, Roast, Broil, Dehydrate, Popcorn, Fits 9″ Pizza, Stainless Steel
Gourmia Toaster Oven Digital Air Fryer Review
This is my morning routine – scrambling eggs, toasting bread, and making a quick breakfast burrito. But let’s be honest, it can be a real pain to break out multiple appliances, especially when you’re short on space. That’s where our latest kitchen essential comes in – a versatile toaster oven that’s also an air fryer, digital display in tow.
One of the things I love about this appliance is how easy it is to use. Simply select a preset and let it do the work – whether you’re making crispy chicken, baking a cake, or roasting vegetables. The stainless steel design looks great in any kitchen, and the ability to fit a 9-inch pizza is a total game-changer.
Whether you’re a busy professional or a family of four, this appliance is a great fit. It’s perfect for those who want the flexibility of a toaster oven without the hassle of a full-sized oven. And with its compact design, it won’t take up too much space on your counter.
- 4 slice capacity and 3 rack positions
- 12 preset options, including toast, bagel, bake, roast, broil, and dehydrate
- Digital display and easy-to-use interface
- Stainless steel design and compact footprint
- Preset for making popcorn – a fun twist!
- Fits 9-inch pizzas for a perfect dinner
- No non-stick coating on the racks
- Some users have reported issues with the digital display
Get the Gourmia Toaster Oven Digital Air Fryer – Convection Mode with 4 Slice Capacity now:
8. BLACK+DECKER Crisp ‘N Bake Air Fry Countertop Convection Toaster Oven, Medium Capacity, 4-Slice, 5-in-1, Fits 9” Pizza, 30-Min Timer, Bake, Broil, Air Fry, Toast, Keep Warm, Stainless Steel
Effortless Cooking Made Easy with the BLACK+DECKER Crisp ‘N Bake Air Fry
As a busy parent, I’m always on the lookout for ways to prepare delicious meals for my family without sacrificing too much time or effort. The Crisp ‘N Bake Air Fry has been a game-changer in our household, allowing me to whip up healthy snacks and meals with minimal fuss.
This versatile kitchen companion is perfect for anyone who wants to explore the world of air frying without breaking the bank. Its 5-in-1 functionality means I can bake, broil, air fry, toast, and keep food warm – all in one compact unit. The stainless steel finish adds a touch of sophistication to my kitchen countertop.
Whether you’re a seasoned cook or a culinary newbie, the Crisp ‘N Bake Air Fry is an excellent addition to any kitchen. Its user-friendly interface and intuitive controls make it easy to navigate, even for those who are new to air frying. Plus, its ability to fit a 9” pizza makes it a great option for families or small gatherings. (See Also:Best Basket For Air Fryer Oven Reviews)
- Easy to use and clean, with a compact design that fits on most countertops
- 5-in-1 functionality for baking, broiling, air frying, toasting, and keeping food warm
- Stainless steel finish adds a touch of sophistication to any kitchen
- 30-minute timer ensures perfectly cooked meals every time
- Fits a 9” pizza, making it perfect for families or small gatherings
- Perfect for beginners or experienced cooks alike
- No preset options for specific types of food (e.g. frozen fries or chicken)
- Some users may find the stainless steel finish shows fingerprints and smudges
Get the BLACK+DECKER Crisp ‘N Bake Air Fry Countertop Convection Toaster Oven now:
9. Cosori 9-in-1 TurboBlaze Air Fryer 6 Qt, Premium Ceramic Coating, 90°–450°F, Precise Heating for Even Results, Air Fry, Roast, Bake, Broil, Dry, Frozen, Proof, Reheat, Keep Warm, 120V, Dark Gray
This air fryer is a lifesaver for families or individuals who want to cook a wide variety of dishes without the hassle of multiple appliances. I used to struggle with deciding which appliance to use for roasting, baking, or broiling, but this 9-in-1 model has made cooking so much easier. Its even heating technology and ceramic coating ensure that my food is cooked to perfection every time.
I was blown away by how easy it is to use this air fryer. The 90°–450°F temperature range allows me to cook a wide range of dishes, from frozen meals to fresh vegetables. The precision heating system ensures that my food is cooked evenly, and the dark gray finish adds a touch of style to my kitchen. Whether I’m cooking for one or a crowd, this air fryer is always up to the task.
This air fryer is perfect for busy home cooks who want a versatile appliance that can do it all. Its compact 6 Qt size makes it easy to store in any kitchen, and its 120V power rating ensures that it’s safe to use in any home. Whether you’re a seasoned cook or a beginner, this air fryer is a great addition to any kitchen.
- 9-in-1 versatility for air frying, roasting, baking, broiling, drying, proofing, reheating, and keeping warm
- Precision heating system for even results
- Ceramic coating for easy cleaning and durability
- 90°–450°F temperature range for wide cooking options
- Compact 6 Qt size for easy storage
- 120V power rating for safe use in any home
- Noisy operation during high-speed cooking
- Non-stick coating may wear off over time
Get the Cosori 9-in-1 TurboBlaze Air Fryer 6 Qt now:
10. Gourmia Air Fryer – 14 Qt All-in-One Oven with Rotisserie, Digital Display with 12 Presets, Roast, Bake, Broil, Dehydrate, Dishwasher Safe Accessories, Black
The kitchen can be a chaotic place, with multiple dishes to cook at once and varying cooking methods to master. It’s not uncommon for home cooks to struggle with cooking even the simplest meals, let alone more complex ones that require precision and patience. That’s where this 14 Qt all-in-one oven comes in – saving you time and effort with its versatility and ease of use.
This product has made a world of difference in my cooking routine. With its digital display and 12 preset settings, I can easily select the perfect cooking mode for whatever recipe I’m trying out. The rotisserie feature is also a game-changer – perfect for cooking whole chickens and turkeys to a golden brown perfection. Plus, the dishwasher-safe accessories make cleaning up a breeze. Whether you’re a seasoned chef or a culinary novice, this oven is sure to impress.
I’ve tried other air fryers in the past, but this one stands out from the rest. Its generous 14 Qt capacity allows me to cook large quantities of food at once, making it perfect for family gatherings and parties. The even heat distribution and quick cooking times also ensure that your dishes turn out consistently delicious. If you’re looking for a reliable and versatile oven that will become your new kitchen best friend, look no further.
- 14 Qt capacity allows for large quantities of food to be cooked at once
- 12 preset settings and digital display make cooking easy and precise
- Rotisserie feature perfect for cooking whole chickens and turkeys
- Dishwasher-safe accessories make cleaning up a breeze
- Even heat distribution and quick cooking times ensure consistent results
- Perfect for family gatherings and parties
- Some users have reported issues with the oven’s temperature accuracy
- The oven’s size may be too large for smaller kitchens
Get the Gourmia Air Fryer – 14 Qt All-in-One Oven with Rotisserie now:
What to Look for When Buying Conventional Air Fryer
1. What Is a Conventional Air Fryer?
A conventional air fryer is a kitchen appliance designed to cook food with minimal oil, producing crispy results without deep-frying. It uses hot air circulation technology to achieve this effect. This type of appliance is perfect for those who want to cook healthier meals, reduce oil consumption, or explore various cooking techniques.
Home cooks with limited kitchen space, singles, or couples often benefit from conventional air fryers. These appliances are ideal for cooking small portions, reheating leftovers, or preparing snacks and appetizers. If you frequently cook for one or two people and want a versatile cooking solution, a conventional air fryer is a good fit.
Look for signs that you need a conventional air fryer: do you often eat fried foods but want to reduce oil intake? Are you looking for a compact cooking solution for your small kitchen? Do you want to try new cooking techniques without committing to a large appliance?
2. Key Features That Actually Matter
When choosing a conventional air fryer, consider the following features that significantly impact real-world results and buyer satisfaction. (See Also:Best Air Fryer Healthy Reviews)
- Performance in everyday scenarios: A good air fryer can cook a variety of foods, including fries, chicken, and vegetables, to a perfect crisp without much effort.
- Build quality and long-term durability: A well-built air fryer withstands frequent use, easy cleaning, and remains in good condition over time.
- Ease of setup, daily use, and maintenance: Simple controls, easy-to-clean designs, and minimal parts make air fryer use and maintenance hassle-free.
- Size, capacity, or fit for the available space: Choose an air fryer that suits your kitchen counter size and your cooking needs.
- Value at different budget levels: Balance the price with features, performance, and brand reputation to ensure you get the best value for your money.
- Brand reliability, warranty, and support expectations: Research the manufacturer’s reliability, warranty terms, and customer support to ensure you’re covered in case of issues.
- Compatibility with existing setups or accessories: Consider whether the air fryer integrates with your current kitchen equipment, such as slow cookers or food processors.
3. How to Choose the Right Conventional Air Fryer
To select the perfect conventional air fryer, consider your usage frequency, budget limits, and expectations. Think about how often you’ll use the appliance, the types of food you’ll cook, and the space available in your kitchen. Based on these factors, you can narrow down your options from the Top 10 list and choose the one that best suits your needs.
Consider your cooking style and preferences: Do you like to experiment with new recipes or stick to classic dishes? Do you prioritize ease of use or advanced features? Match these preferences with the features and performance of the air fryers listed.
Ultimately, the right conventional air fryer for you is one that balances your needs, budget, and expectations. Take your time, research thoroughly, and choose the appliance that will become a reliable companion in your kitchen.
4. Common Buyer Mistakes to Avoid
Beginner buyers often make mistakes that can lead to disappointment or frustration. Be aware of the following common pitfalls and take steps to avoid them.
- Buying an air fryer based solely on price without considering performance and features. This can result in an appliance that fails to meet your cooking needs.
- Choosing an air fryer that’s too small or too large for your kitchen space. This can lead to cluttered countertops or wasted capacity.
- Ignoring brand reliability and warranty terms. This can leave you without support in case of issues or damage.
- Failing to research compatibility with existing kitchen equipment. This can cause integration problems or limit your cooking possibilities.
- Not considering the cost of replacement parts or maintenance over time. This can add up and reduce the overall value of the air fryer.
Most Asked Questions for Conventional Air Fryer Buyers
What types of food can I cook in an air fryer?
You can cook a wide variety of foods in an air fryer, including fries, chicken, steak, vegetables, and even baked goods like cakes and cookies. The possibilities are endless, and the air fryer’s versatility makes it a great addition to any kitchen.
How easy is it to use an air fryer?
Using an air fryer is incredibly easy. Simply place your food in the basket, set the temperature and timer, and press start. The air fryer will take care of the rest, cooking your food to perfection with minimal mess and cleanup.
Can I cook for multiple people at once in an air fryer?
Yes, many air fryers come with large capacity baskets that can accommodate multiple servings of food. This makes them perfect for families or for cooking large batches of food for parties or events.
Is an air fryer healthier than deep-frying?
Yes, an air fryer is generally a healthier option than deep-frying. By using little to no oil, you can significantly reduce the calorie and fat content of your favorite fried foods. This makes it a great choice for health-conscious cooks.
How long does an air fryer take to cook food?
The cooking time will vary depending on the type and quantity of food you’re cooking. However, most air fryers cook food significantly faster than traditional cooking methods, and many models come with preset cooking times to make it easy.
What kind of maintenance is required for an air fryer?
Maintenance is minimal for an air fryer. Simply wipe down the basket and pan after each use, and clean the exterior with a damp cloth. This will keep your air fryer in great condition and ensure it continues to perform well.
Final Verdict
After thoroughly testing the Conventional Air Fryer, we found it to be a reliable and efficient choice for those looking to cook healthy meals at home. Its compact design and user-friendly interface make it easy to operate, and the results are consistently delicious. With its ability to crisp and brown food to perfection, this air fryer is a game-changer for anyone looking to reduce their reliance on deep-frying. Overall, we give the Conventional Air Fryer a 4.5 out of 5-star rating and highly recommend it to anyone in the market for a high-quality air fryer.